Spinal Cavernoma

SPINAL CAVERNOMA
Spinal Cavernoma is a cluster of abnormal blood vessels found in the spinal cord. It can vary in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters and can cause mild to severe symptoms.

CAUSES OF SPINAL CAVERNOMA
Spinal Cavernoma can be caused by hereditary reasons and this is responsible for up to a quarter of the Spinal Cavernoma cases. There are three genes identified responsible for Spinal Cavernoma. Mutations in these genes can cause the condition, and people with these genes have a 50% chance of passing these to their children. Apart from that Spinal Cavernoma can also be sporadic. A Spinal Cavernoma develops when there is a change in the wall of blood vessels which results in blood leaking.

Arteriovenous Malformation

ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION
Arteries and viens form a network of oxygen supply through blood from heart to brain. While arteries carry orxygen rich blood, veins carry depleted blood back to lungs and heart. The Arteriovenous Malformation is a condition caused by abnormal tangling of connecting arteries and veins, because of which blood flow and oxygen circulation is disrupted. The blood vessels that for Arteriovenous Malformation can rupture, If it happens in brain it can cause hemmohage, stroke or brain damage.

CAUSES OF ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION
Causes of Arteriovenous Malformation are mostly unknown. Arteriovenous Malformation is a result of abnormal connections between arteries and veins, but how and why these connections are formed, that is not fully understood. It may be a cause of genetic changes but most of the times the condition is not an inherited one.

Spinal Arteriovenous Fistula

SPINAL ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA
A spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins in the dura, the outer lining of the spinal cord. Arteries and veins are the two types of major blood vessels in the body.

WHAT CAUSES A SPINAL FISTULA?
There is no known cause for most spinal dural fistulas, although some may be caused by previous surgeries or trauma to the area. Anyone can develop a spinal dural fistula, but they are most common in men ages 50 and older.